Selected Publications
Raev, S. A., L. Cai, N. Muro, R. Madera, L. Wang, & J. Shi. (2026). Cross-protection in PRRSV: Mechanisms, limitations, and implications for vaccine design. Pathogens, 15(4), 345. https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens15040345
Wang, L., & J. Shi. (2026). African swine fever: Vaccine Advancement and major gaps. Microorganisms, 14(3), 706. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms14030706
Li, D., X. Zhang, M. D. Apley, J. T. Gebhardt, L. Karriker, J.F. Connor, C. Bromfield, B. Lubbers, H. Kittana, D. Pendell, R. Madera, N. Muro, A. Craig, B. Shenkenberg, Y. Li, L. Wang, & J. Shi. (2025). Viral vaccines as an alternative to antimicrobials: A perspective from swine veterinarians on challenges, opportunities, and future directions. Pathogens, 14(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14121259
Zhang, X., D. Li, M. D. Apley, L. Karriker, J. F. Connor, C. Bromfield, J. T. Gebhardt, B. Lubbers, H. Kittana, D. Pendell, R. Madera, N. Muro, A. Craig, B. Shenkenberg, Y. Li, L. Wang, & J. Shi. (2025). Challenges and opportunities of bacterial vaccines as alternatives to antimicrobials in swine health management: Insights from U.S. veterinarians. Pathogens, 14(11). https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens14111113
Gebhardt, J. T., W. Mwangi, J. Shi, & J. A. Richt (2025). Kansas State University: Impactful Research Advancing African Swine Fever Virus Prevention, control, and response. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 86(9). https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.25.05.0170
Wang, L., Y. Li, & J. Shi. (2025). African Swine Fever Virus. Veterinary Virology of Domestic and Pet Animals, 1–21. https://link.springer.com/rwe/10.1007/978-3-031-54690-7_75-1
Montecillo, A. D., Z. K. Baybay, J. B. Ferrer, W. Cariaso, A. Pantua, J. P. Jose, R. Madera, J. Shi, K. C. Doysabas, A. Dargantes, K. A. Dargantes, A. R. Boongaling, A. P. Manglicmot, L.C. Villegas, & H. D. Pantua .(2025). Genetic profiles of ten African swine fever virus strains from outbreaks in select provinces of Luzon, Visayas, and Mindanao, Philippines, between 2021 and 2023. Viruses, 17(4), 588. https://doi.org/10.3390/v17040588
Wang, L., Y. Li, X. Zhang, R. Madera, H. Pantua, A. Craig, N. Muro, D. Li, J. Retallick, F. M. Ferreyra, Q. L. Truong, L. T. Nguyen, & J. Shi. (2025). Specific detection of African swine fever virus variants: Novel Quadplex real-time PCR assay with internal control. Microorganisms, 13(3), 615. https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms13030615
Bakshi, A., J. Stetson, L. Wang, J. Shi, D. Caragea, L.C. Miller (2025). Toward a rapid, sensitive, user-friendly, field-deployable artificial intelligence tool for enhancing African swine fever diagnosis and reporting. American Journal of Veterinary Research, 86(S1), S27–S37. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0305
Truong, Q., L. Wang, T. Nguyen, H. Nguyen, A. Le, G. Nguyen, A. Vu, P. Hoang, T. Le, H. Nguyen, H. Nguyen, H. Lai, D. Bui, L. Huynh, R. Madera, Y. Li, J. Retallick, F. Matias-Ferreyra, L. Nguyen*, and J. Shi*. 2024. A Non-Hemadsorbing Live-Attenuated Virus Vaccine Candidate Protects Pigs against the Contemporary Pandemic Genotype II African Swine Fever Virus. Viruses 2024, 16(8), 1326; https://doi.org/10.3390/v16081326
Wang, L., J. Kim, H. Kang, H. Park, M. Lee, S. Hong, C. Seo, R. Madera, Y. Li, A. Craig, J. Retallick, F. Ferreyra, E. Sohn, and J. Shi. 2024. Development and evaluation of two rapid lateral flow assays for on-site detection of African swine fever virus. Front. Microbiol., 28 August 2024, Sec. Virology, Volume 15 – 2024. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1429808
Wang, L., J. Ren, J. Wang, H. Zhang, and J. Shi. 2024. Editorial: Advances and insights in the diagnosis of viral infections and vaccines development in animals. Front. Microbiol., July 2 2024 Volume 15:1443858. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2024.1443858
Quang Lam Truong, Lihua Wang, Tuan Anh Nguyen, Hoa Thi Nguyen, Son Danh Tran, Anh Thi Vu, Anh Dao Le, Van-Giap Nguyen, Phuong Thi Hoang, Yen Thi Nguyen, Thi-Luyen Le, Thang Nguyen Van, Thi-My-Le Huynh, Huong T.L. Lai, Rachel Madera, Yuzhen Li, Jishu Shi, Lan Thi Nguyen. 2023. Cell-Adapted Live-Attenuated Vaccine Candidate Protects Pigs against the Homologous Strain VNUA-ASFV-05L1, a Representative Strain of the Contemporary Pandemic African Swine Fever Virus. Viruses 2023, 15, 2089. https://doi.org/10.3390/v15102089
Wang, L., R. Madera,Y. Li, D.P. Gladue, M.V. Borca, M.T. McIntosh, and J. Shi. 2023. Development of Porcine Monoclonal Antibodies with In Vitro Neutralizing Activity against Classical Swine Fever Virus from C-Strain E2-Specific Single B Cells. Viruses 2023, 15(4), 863; https://doi.org/10.3390/v15040863
Wang, L., S. Mi, R. Madera, Y. Li, W. Gong, C. Tu, and J. Shi. 2022. A Novel Competitive ELISA for Specifically Measuring and Differentiating Immune Responses to Classical Swine Fever C-Strain Vaccine in Pigs. Viruses. 2022 Jul 15;14(7):1544. https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/7/1544/htm
Mi, S., L. Wang, H. Li, F. Bao, R. Madera, X. Shi, L. Zhang, Y. Mao, R. Yan, X. Xia, W. Gong, J. Shi, and C. Tu. 2022. Characterization of monoclonal antibodies that specifically differentiate field isolates from vaccine strains of classical swine fever virus. Front. Immunol., 19 July 2022, https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.930631
Wang, L. J. Shi, and F. Blecha. 2021. Building public-private partnerships to advance global veterinary medical education: the US-China Joint DVM Program. Journal of American Veterinary Medical Association. 259(3): 240-243. https://avmajournals.avma.org/doi/pdf/10.2460/javma.259.3.240
Truong, Q.L., L. Nguyen, H. Nguyen, J. Shi, H. Vu, H. Lai, and G. Nguyen. 2021. Whole-genome Sequence of a Virulent African Swine Fever Virus isolated in 2020 from a Domestic Pig in Northern Vietnam. Microbiology Resource Announcement. Vol.10: Iss. 19 e00193-21. https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.00193-21
Shi, J. L. Wang, D.S. McVey. 2021. Of pigs and men: the best-laid plans for prevention and control of swine fevers. Animal Frontiers. Open Access, Published on Feb. 5, 2021. Animal Frontiers. 11(1):6–13, https://doi.org/10.1093/af/vfaa052
Madera, R., L. Wang, A.G. Cino-Ozuna, and J. Shi. 2020. The impact of attenuated porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) vaccine on the efficacy of subunit classical swine fever vaccine. Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports: Vol. 6: Iss. 10. https://doi.org/10.4148/2378-5977.8015
Wang, L., S. Mi, R. Madera, L. Ganges, M.V. Borca, J. Ren; C. Cunningham, A.G. Cino-Ozuna, H. Li, C. Tu, W. Gong; and J. Shi. 2020. A neutralizing monoclonal antibody-based competitive ELISA for classical swine fever C-strain post–vaccination monitoring. BMC Veterinary Research. Open Access. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12917-020-2237-6
Borca, M.V., V. O’Donnell, L.G. Holinka, G.R. Risatti, E. Ramirez-Medina, E.A. Vuono, J. Shi, S. Pruitt, A. Rai, E. Silva, L. Velazquez Salinas, and D.P. Gladue. 2020. Deletion of CD2-like gene from the genome of African swine fever virus strain Georgia does not attenuate virulence in swine. Scientific Reports. 10:494.
Evans, T.S., Z. Shi, M. Boots, W. Liu, K. Olival, X. Xiao, S. Vandewoude, H. Brown, J. Chen, D. Civitello, L. Escobar, Y. Grohn, H. Li, K. Lips, Q. Liu, J. Lu, B. Martinez-Lopez, J. Shi, X. Shi, B. Xu, L. Yuan, G. Zhu, and W. Getz. 2020. Synergistic China-US Ecological Research is Essential for Global EID Preparedness. EcoHealth. Open Access. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10393-020-01471-2
Zhang, H., Y. Wang, E. Porter, N. Lu, Y. Li, F. Yuan, M. Lohman, L. Noll, W. Zheng, C. Stoy, Y. Lang, V. Huber, W. Ma, L. Peddireddi, Y. Fang, J. Shi, G. Anderson, X. Liu, J. Bai. 2019. Development of a multiplex real-time RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection and differentiation of influenza A, B, C, and D viruses. Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. 95(1):59-66.
Burakova, Y., R. Madera, L. Wang, S. Buist, K. Llellish, J. Schlup, and J. Shi. 2018. Food-grade saponins extract as an emulsifier and immunostimulant in emulsion-based subunit vaccine for pigs. Journal of Immunology Research. 2018:8979838.
Laughlin, R., R. Madera, Y. Peres, B. Berquist, L. Wang, S. Buist, Y. Burakova, S. Palle, C. Chung, M. Rasmussen, E. Martel, D. Brake, J. Neilan, S. Lawhon, L. Adams, J. Shi*, and S. Marcel*. 2018 Plant-made E2 glycoprotein single-dose vaccine protects pigs against classical swine fever. Plant Biotechnology Journal.
Wang, L., R. Madera, Y. Burakova, S. Buist, Y. Sang, J. Nietfeld, J. Henningson, W. Gong, C. Tu, and J. Shi. 2018. Construction of recombinant porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus expressing CSFV E2 glycoprotein. International Journal of Vaccine Research. 3(1):1-4.
Madera R, Wang L, Gong W, Burakova Y, Buist S, Nietfeld J, Henningson J, Cino-Ozuna A, Tu C, and J. Shi. 2018. Towards the development of a one-dose classical swine fever subunit vaccine: antigen titration, onset and duration of immunity. Journal of Veterinary Science. 19(3):393-405.
Wang, L., and J. Shi. 2018. PRRSV Vaccine: Challenges and Prospective. International Journal of Vaccines and Immune System. 3(1): 01-05.
Burakova Y., R. Madera, J. Schlup, and J. Shi. 2017. Adjuvants for animal vaccines. Viral Immunology PMID: 28618246, DOI: 10.1089/vim.2017.0049
Li X., A. Galliher-Beckley, L. Wang, J. Nietfeld, W. Feng, and J. Shi. 2017. Comparison of immune responses of Chinese highly pathogenic PRRS virus strain HV and North American PRRS virus strain NADC-20 in pigs. The Open Virology Journal. 2017, 11:73-82.
Zhang, B., S. Mi, F. Bao, H. Guo, C. Tu, J. Shi, and W. Gong. 2017. Complete genome sequence of a sub-subgenotype 2.1i isolate of classical swine fever virus from China. GenomeA 2017: 00127-17.
Gong, W., J. Jia, B. Zhang, S. Mi, L. Zhang, X. Xie, H. Guo, J. Shi* and C. Tu* 2017. Serum Metabolomic profiling of piglets infected with virulent classical swine fever virus. Frontiers in Microbiology. 2017 (8) 00731. (*corresponding author).
Burakova Y., J. Shi*, and J. Schlup *. 2017. Impact of oil composition on formation and stability of emulsions produced by spontaneous emulsification. Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology. 38(12): 1749-1754 (*corresponding author).
Madera, R., W. Gong, L. Wang, Y. Burakova, K. Lleellish, A. Galliher-Beckley, J. Nietfeld, J.. Henningson, K. Jia, P. Li, J. Bai, J. Schlup, S. McVey, C. Tu, & J. Shi. 2016. Pigs immunized with a novel E2 subunit vaccine are protected from heterologous classical swine fever virus challenge. BMC Veterinary Research 12:197.
Shi, X., X. Liu, Q. Sun, Q. Wang, G. Ma, G. Anderson, J. Bai*, and J. Shi*. 2016. A multiplex real-time PCR panel assay for simultaneous detection and differentiation of 12 common swine viruses. Journal of Virological Methods 236:258-265.
Huang, C., Y. Du, Z. Yu, Q. Zhang, Y. Liu, J. Tang, J. Shi, and W. Feng. 2016. Highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus nonstructural protein 4 cleaves VISA to impair antiviral responses mediated by RIG-I-like receptors. Scientific Reports 6:28497.
Gong, W., L. Zhang, Z. Lu, J. Jia, M. Wang, Z. Peng, H. Guo, J. Shi*, and C. Tu*. 2016. Complete genome sequence of a novel classical swine fever virus sub-subgenotype 2.1g isolate from China. Archives of Virology 161:2613-2617 (*Co-corresponding author).
Gong, W., Z. Lu, L. Zhang, X. Xie, D. Jiang, J. Jia, H. Guo, J. Shi*, and C. Tu*. 2016. In vitro adaptation and genome analysis of a sub-subgenotype 2.1c isolate of classical swine fever virus. Virus Genes 52:651-659.
Gong, W., J. Wu, Z. Lu, L. Zhang, S. Qin, F. Chen, Z. Peng, Q. Wang, L. Ma, A. Bai, H. Guo, J. Shi*, and C. Tu*. 2016. Genetic diversity of subgenotype 2.1 isolates of classical swine fever virus. Infection, Genetics and Evolution 4:218-226.
Galliher-Beckley, A., L.K. Pappan, A. Waters, X. Li, J. Nietfeld, Q. Zhong, S. McVey, S.S. Dritz, and J. Shi. 2015. Characterization of a novel oil-in-water emulsion adjuvant for swine influenza virus and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae vaccines. Vaccine 33:2903-2908.
Galliher-Beckley, A., X. Li, R. Madera, A. Waters, J. Nietfeld, J. Henningson, D. He, W. Feng, R. Chen, and J. Shi. 2015. Pigs immunized with Chinese highly pathogenic PRRS virus modified live vaccine are protected from challenge with North American PRRSV strain NADC-20. Vaccine 33:3518-3525.
Li, X, A. Galliher-Beckley, L. Pappan, B. Trible, M. Kerrigan, A. Beck, D. Hesse, F. Blecha, J.C. Nietfeld, R.R. Rowland, and J. Shi. 2014. Comparison of host immune responses to homologous and heterologous porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) challenge in vaccinated and unvaccinated pigs. Biomed Res Int. 2014: 416727.
Li, X., A. Galliher-Beckley, J.C. Nietfeld, H. Huang, X. Sun, and J. Shi. 2013. Peptide nanofiber hydrogel adjuvanted live virus vaccine enhances cross-protective immunity to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus. Vaccine 31:4508-4515.
Galliher-Beckley, A., L. Lan, S. Aono, L. Wang, and J. Shi. 2013. Caspase-1 activation and mature interleukin-1β release are uncoupled events in monocytes. World Journal of Biological Chemistry 4(2): 30-34.
Li, X., A. Galliher-Beckley, J.C. Nietfeld, K.S. Faaberg, and J. Shi. 2013. MontanideTM Gel01 ST Adjuvant Enhances PRRS Modified Live Vaccine Efficacy by Regulating Porcine Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses. World Journal of Vaccines 3:1-9.
Li, Y., Wang, L., L. Pappan, A. Beckly, and J. Shi. 2012. IL-1β promotes stemness and invasiveness of colon cancer cells through Zeb1 activation. Molecular Cancer 11 :87* (*Highly Accessed)
Wang, L., Z. Liu, Y., Li, L. Pappan, A. Beckly, and J. Shi. 2012. IL-1β promotes the development of intestinal epithelial stem cells. Inflammation Research, 61:1085-1092.
*Wang, L., Z. Liu, S. Balivada, T. Shrestha, Stefan Bossmann, M. Pyle, L. Pappan, J. Shi*, and D. Troyer. 2012. IL-1β and TGF-β cooperate to reprogram glioma cells toward a glioma stem cell-like phenotype. Stem Cell Research and Therapy. 3:5. (*Co-corresponding author)
Huang, H., J. Shi, J. Laskin, Z. Liu, D.S. McVey, and X. Sun. 2011. Design of a shear-thining recoverable peptide hydrogel from native sequences and application for influenza H1N1 vaccine adjuvant. Soft Matter. 7:8905-8912.
McVey, D.S, and J. Shi. 2010. Vaccination strategies for emerging disease epidemics of livestock. Veterinary Clinics of North America - Food Animal Practice. 26:173-83.
Hu, X., C. Ward, S. Aono, L. Lan, C. Dykstra, R. Kemppainen, E. Morrison, and J. Shi. 2008. Comparative analysis of Xenopus tropicalis hepcidin I and hepcidin II genes. Gene 426:91-97.
Shi, J. 2007. Defensins and Paneth cells in inflammatory bowel disease. Inflammatory Bowel Disease 13:1284-92.
Shi, J., S. Aono, W. Lu, X. Hu, A.J. Ouellette, Y. Ji, L. Wang, S. Lenz, F. van Ginkel, M. Liles, C. Dykstra, E.E. Morrison, and C.O. Elson. 2007. A novel role for defensins in intestinal homeostasis: regulation of IL-1β secretion. The Journal of Immunology 179:1245-1253.
Hu, X., S. Aono, A.C. Camus, E.E. Morrison, J. Dennis, K.E. Nusbaum, R.L. Judd, and J. Shi. 2007. Regulation of hepcidin expression by infection and anemia in channel catfish. Comparative Immunology, Microbiology, and Infectious Disease 30:55-69.
Aono, S., C. Li, G. Zhang, R.J. Kemppainen, J. Gard, W. Lu, X. Hu, D.D. Schwartz, E.E. Morrison, C. Dykstra, and J. Shi. 2006. Molecular and functional characterization of bovine β-defensin-1. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 113:181-190.
Shi, J. and A.C. Camus. 2006. Hepcidins in amphibians and fishes: antimicrobial peptides or iron-regulatory hormones? Developmental and Comparative Immunology 30:746-755.
McVey, D.S., J. Shi, J.A. Leigh, E. L. Rosey, P.N. Ward, T.R. Field, and R.J. Yancey. 2005. Identification of multiple linear epitopes of the plasminogen activator A (PauA) of Streptococcus uberis with murine monoclonal antibodies. Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology 104:155-162.
Shi, J., E. Talbot, D. A. DiMattia, and R. G. Dullea. 2004. The differential effects of IL-1 and TNF-α on proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases expression in human hondrosarcoma cells. Inflammation Research 53:277-89.
#Cole, A.M., #Shi, J., A. Ceccareli. Y-H. Kim, A. Park, and T. Ganz. 2001. Inhibition of neutrophil elastase prevents cathelicidin activation and impairs clearance of bacteria from wounds. Blood 97:297-304. (#authors contributed equally)
Shi, J., G. Zhang, H. Wu, C.R. Ross, F. Blecha, and T. Ganz. 1999. Porcine epithelial β-defensin-1 is expressed in the dorsal tongue at antimicrobial concentration. Infection and Immunity 67:3121-3127.
Shi, J. and T. Ganz. 1998. The role of protegrins and other elastase-activated cathelicidins in the bactericidal properties of porcine inflammatory fluids. Infection and Immunity 66:3611-3617.
Shi, J., C.R. Ross, T. L. Leto, and F. Blecha. 1996. PR-39, a proline-rich antibacterial peptide that inhibits phagocyte NADPH oxidase activity by binding to Src homology 3 domains of p47phox. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA 93:6014-6018.
Shi, J., C.R. Ross, M.M. Chengappa, M.J. Sylte, D.S. McVey, and F. Blecha. 1996. Antibacterial activity of a synthetic peptide (PR-26) derived from PR-39, a proline-arginine-rich neutrophil antimicrobial peptide. Antimicrobial Agents & Chemotherapy 40:115-121.
Shi, J., C.R. Ross, M.M. Chengappa, and F. Blecha. 1994. Identification of a proline-arginine-rich antibacterial peptide from neutrophils that is analogous to PR-39, an antibacterial peptide from the small intestine. Journal of Leukocyte Biology 56:807-811.
Shi, J., R.D. Goodband, M.M. Chengappa, J.L. Nelssen, M.D. Tokach, D.S. McVey, and F. Blecha. 1994. Influence of IL-1 on neutrophil function and resistance to Streptococcus suis infection in neonatal pigs. Journal of Leukocyte Biology 56:88-94.